What
This project involved designing and implementing a three-way audio crossover filter system to separate audio frequencies for a subwoofer, mid-range, and tweeter. The crossover network used low-pass, band-pass, and high-pass filters to direct the appropriate frequencies to each speaker in order to ensure optimal audio output.
How
The project started with designing filters in LTspice to determine suitable component values for the desired frequency ranges. Filters were then prototyped on a breadboard and tested with a frequency generator and oscilloscope. After verification, the circuit was soldered onto a protoboard, with an audio amplifier (LM386) added to boost the signal for each speaker and a capacitor on the output to smooth out noise.
Reflection
This project provided practical experience in analog circuit design, simulation, and testing. Challenges included designing effective filters using minimal components and troubleshooting signal attenuation. The final system produced expected sound separation for all three frequency bands. Future improvements could involve integrating digital signal processing for advanced crossover control and more high quality, lower tolerance components for precise control.